Black Friday, initially coined to describe a financial scandal involving a market crash in the 19th century, has transformed over time into a major retail event. Its modern association began in the 1950s in Philadelphia, where police referred to the chaotic shopping day after Thanksgiving. In the 1980s, retailers rebranded it positively to signify profitability. The rise of mega-stores and aggressive marketing further solidified its place in consumer culture, leading to a global phenomenon influenced by e-commerce. Today, Black Friday extends sales and raises discussions around consumerism and the retail environment.